D&D General Dragons of Chaos and Law in Mythology?

Cadence

Legend
Supporter
Feel free to ignore the quest below in your reply!!! If you want to make notes about what the myths really are and how the books are wrong, or if you expand to Good or Evil or whatever, go for it! Anything you turn up might help other folks with worldbuilding ideas or give them interesting things to follow up! I am particularly interested in any harder to find dragons in mythology.



I'm on a quest to find a popular/general audience book of mythology that would have been regularly available sometime in the range of 1950-1974 that has any of the following:
  • A named dragon under a listing for "Chaos" or in the index under "chaos". (Or "Entropy" instead of "Chaos")
  • A named dragon in the "Dragon" entry that is described as being related to "chaos" (or "entropy") either there or under its own entry, or is found in the index under "dragon" and has the "chaos" (or "entropy") mentioned in their own entry
  • A named dragon under a listing for "Law" or under "law" in the index. (Or "Order" instead of "Law")
  • A named dragon in the "Dragon" entry that is described as being related to "law" (or "order") either there or under its own entry, or is found in the index under "dragon" and has the "law" (or "order") mentioned in their own entry
That is, something explicitly under "Dragon" or explicitly under "Chaos" (or "Entropy") or "Law" (or "Order") - not serpent, not good, not evil, not anything else. Not something randomly on some page that one wouldn't find without reading the entire book. It does not matter to this quest if it actually matches our current best knowledge of mythology or not.

My hypothesis is that there is literally only one readily findable dragon that fits any of these conditions.

Why do this? Because I am being pedantic and avoiding real work.


Note: If you've come here from an obvious other thread, I find no particular difference at all between a hypothetical person who wanted to make the dragon of law male and dragon of chaos female as a dig at women and then made that dig explicit, and a hypothetical person who found that the single obvious chaotic dragon happened to be female, dug up a name to use for a male dragon of law, and then made a dig at women. It changes nothing to me about the points made in that other thread and it seems like a sad dig to make in either case. Any discussion of that other thread's main issue (e.g. what's in this italicized note) probably belongs there and not here.



What have I found so far?

Funk & Wagnalls Standard Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology, and Legend by M. Leach and J. Fried (1972) has
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and Tiamat also listed in the Dragon entry
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and then gets to Chaos in her entry
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The Beasts of Never by G. McHargue (1968) has the following under "Dragon"
1720838735028.png


Both of these books are mentioned in the further reading appendix of Moldvay Basic, which was put together with the help from the the late Barbara Davis at the Lake Geneva Public Library.
 
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Enrico Poli1

Adventurer
1.Generally in mythology, the Dragon is a symbol of Chaos, and therefore of Evil, whereas the gods are symbols of Law, the Order of creation, therefore of Good. Example: Tiamat and Apsu in Sumerian mythoes.
2.In a similar way, in the Bible, Dragon = Serpent = the Devil.
3.BUT in the Hermetic, gnostic, alchemical, esoterical tradition, the Devil is the good guy. And has two faces, the Red one (Chaos) and the Gold one (Law) . Dungeons & Dragons is a game inherently informed by this tradition, so one can say that both chromatic and metallic dragons, both Chaos and Law, are expressions of the same principle, as yin and yang
 


Aldarc

Legend
Since you mentioned the "Further Reading" from Moldvay B/X:

A Companion to World Mythology by Richard Barber
Page 22

Apsu and Tiamat: The first beings in Babylonian myth: Apsu, ‘sweet water’, was the father, Tiamat, ‘salt water’, the mother, of everything; parents of the gods. Apsu was tamed by Ea, and the younger gods took their place; but Apsu and Tiamat rebelled and sent a swarm of monsters under the command of Kingu to overthrow Anu, Ea, Marduk and their allies. Neither Anu nor Ea were brave enough to attack Tiamat, so Marduk was chosen as the leader of the younger gods; he and Tiamat fought in single combat; he overcame her by making the evil wind blow when she opened her mouth to swallow him, so that she could not shut her mouth, and then killing her with an arrow. He then used her body to create the world: half of her became the sky, the other half the earth. The eleven dragons who fought on Tiamat’s side were caught in a net and hurled down into the underworld, where they became its gods. The blood of Kingu was used to make man and the work of creation ended with the building of a huge temple to Marduk.
Page 176

Mushussu: One of the eleven dragons of Tiamat overcome by the Babylonian god Marduk; it was often shown on doorways as a kind of guardian spirit.
Nowhere is Tiamat mentioned as a dragon. Associated with dragons? Yes. Is a dragon herself? No.
 

steeldragons

Steeliest of the dragons
Epic
Since you mentioned the "Further Reading" from Moldvay B/X:

A Companion to World Mythology by Richard Barber


Nowhere is Tiamat mentioned as a dragon. Associated with dragons? Yes. Is a dragon herself? No.
This would seem to be a shortcoming or incomplete presentation from Barber. As just about any other mythology source references her as a dragon....or draconic/dragon-like "monster."

Be that as it may, I am wondering, though I am unfamiliar with them having proper names, in legend or actuality, but the White and Red dragons who are fighting beneath/destroying the construction of Vortigern's castle might be viewed as "Chaos and Law" dragons?

In that case, the "Red dragon" (currently sitting on Wales' flag) which is said to have represented the rise/victory of Uther Pendragon would be the "Order"-instilling one. While the "White" (representing Vortigern/'s rule) being the "Evil/Chaos" one that must be defeated/overthrown to improve/bring about "Order."
 

Cadence

Legend
Supporter
A common library standard would have been Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, ed. James Pritchard. It has three editions that all predate D&D: 1950 (1st ed.), 1955 (2nd ed.), and 1969 (3rd ed.). However, I don't recall Tiamat being described as a dragon in Speiser's translation of the Enuma Eliš, though she does clothe the dragons in fearsomeness.

Found the 1969 one on Internet Archive (3rd edition with supplement). Wow that book has a lot of interesting things in it!!

In the table of contents "The Repulsing of the Dragon" shows up on page 6 and 11 of the Egyptian part. It reads to me like the author is calling Apophis a dragon and not saying the Egyptians did. Apophis would make a good name choice for one of the underworld or destruction though.
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The serpent (dragon) on the mountain in the west doesn't seem to be given a name beyond "He wo is on the mountain that he may overthrow".
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Tiamat shows up later but doesn't have her name in the table of contents. I hadn't seen Kingu (her consort?) before [so I obviously hadn't read into these].

The search also has that Illuyankas is a dragon who beat the storm god (but was later defeated). It doesn't say much about what Illuyankas was like, and like Tiamat you wouldn't know he was a dragon from the table of contents.

Apparently "great dragon" is used as a title for a high king:
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1720878826733.png
 
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Cadence

Legend
Supporter
How about Nidhogg?
View attachment 372590

Ooooh. I had seen Nidhogg in one of the other books - Barber's "A Companion to World Mythology" had:

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I will start going through the older books to see if I can find one that ties him to Chaos. If so, that would certainly satisfy my quest. Even if there isn't an older one, it is certainly a great named dragon that would fit the bill for world building today.
 


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